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What is Design?
The design is a discipline aiming at representing concretely, a thought, a concept or an intention by holding account possibly of one or the constraints functional, structural, esthetic, didactic, symbolic systems, techniques and productive. These representations can be tangible or virtual.
With the Rebirth, disegno (in Italian) is one of the major concepts of the theory of Article It means at the same time drawing and project. At the XVIIe century in France, the theorists of art translate it by intention and preserves the double direction (the idea and its representation).
In 1712, Shaftesbury introduced into the English theory of art [1] the concept of design faithful within the meaning of disegno. Thus, we have drawing for the drawing as a layout and design meaning the idea and its representation, the project and its graphics.
Nevertheless, this double direction of design will be disjoined quickly to follow the theories of the art dominant of the time. Because it is in 1750 in France that the distinction appears to give two distinct semantic fields, that of the drawing (practice) and the intention (the idea) marking a fundamental rupture which is not without pointing out the duality matter/spirit of Descartes. With the royal Academy of painting and sculpture, one teaches from now on arts of the drawing and either of the intention.
It is only at the beginning of the XXe century, then into full essort with the industrialization which one assists with the international emergence of the design term in the direction of disegno, i.e., design and working. This modern definition is concretized in the work carried out at Bauhaus.
Also, the design is often confused with the stylism of object when the exercise consists in embellishing an object with an aim of alluring consumers. Moreover, in 1994, the Minister for the French Culture Jacques Toubon presents a bill to replace the Anglicism design by stylic, consequently causing the incredulity and the mockeries of the French press, in particular Nouvel Observateur. The law Toubon will be strongly edulcorated in its application, by the Constitutional council and this provision concerning the word design, null and void.
Solicited by marketing since the years 2000, this word became an advertizing argument little by little. Design took a direction of qualifying adjective meaning style with the simple forms and a purified appearance. ex: a lamp design. It succeeds thus the rustic style of the years 1990.
There does not exist single definition of the design. Its direction varies according to the times, the cultures and the individuals. It is this complexity which characterizes it. Apart from interpretations varied according to the cultures, the design can be conceived either as an applied art (creative execution) or like an autonomous discipline (in practice and the theory).
For the Anglo-Saxons, the design is more a design, an idea, an intention or a project . In French , it is a search for harmony between the shapes and the functions of the object. In Italy and Germany , the design is definitely strategic since the industry and the craft industry of quality in one makes their creed to develop their productions.
There does not exist single definition of the design. Its direction varies according to the times, the cultures and the individuals. It is this complexity which characterizes it. Apart from interpretations varied according to the cultures, the design can be conceived either as an applied art (creative execution) or like an autonomous discipline (in practice and the theory).
For the Anglo-Saxons, the design is more a design, an idea, an intention or a project. In French it is a search for harmony between the shapes and the functions of the object. In Italy and Germany the design is definitely strategic since the industry and the craft industry of quality in one makes their creed to develop their productions.